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Outcomes of Proximal Femoral Nail in Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Through Medial Entry

September 10, 2018/in Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Sep-Dec 2018

Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Sept-Dec 2018 | page: 20-25 | Rohan R Memon, Neel M Bhavsar, Rameez A Musa, Pankaj R Patel. doi- 10.13107/ti.2018.v04i02.072 Author: Rohan R Memon [1], Neel M Bhavsar [1], Rameez A Musa [1], Pankaj R Patel [1]. [1] Department of Orthopaedics, Sheth VS General Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Address […]

Rashless and Bilateral Symmetrical Lower Limb Gangrene in a Patient with Meningococcal Meningitis

September 10, 2018/in Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Sep-Dec 2018

Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Sept-Dec 2018 | page: 14-16 | Ajiboye Lo, Oboirien M, Galadima AB doi- 10.13107/ti.2018.v04i02.070 Author: Ajiboye Lo [1], Oboirien M [2], Galadima AB [1]. [1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgeon, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. [2] Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Address of Correspondence Dr. Ajiboye LO, Consultant Orthopaedic […]

Outcomes of Proximal Femoral Nail in Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Through Medial Entry

September 10, 2018/in Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Sep-Dec 2018

Rashless and Bilateral Symmetrical Lower Limb Gangrene in a Patient with Meningococcal Meningitis

September 10, 2018/in Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Sep-Dec 2018

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Outcomes of Proximal Femoral Nail in Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Through Medial Entry

September 10, 2018/in Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Sep-Dec 2018

Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Sept-Dec 2018 | page: 20-25 | Rohan R Memon, Neel M Bhavsar, Rameez A Musa, Pankaj R Patel.

doi- 10.13107/ti.2018.v04i02.072

Author: Rohan R Memon [1], Neel M Bhavsar [1], Rameez A Musa [1], Pankaj R Patel [1].

[1] Department of Orthopaedics, Sheth VS General Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Address of Correspondence

Dr. Rohan Memon,

Department of Orthopaedics,

Sheth VS General Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Email: rhnmemon222@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: Subtrochanteric Fractures Of Femur accounts for 10-34% of all hip fractures.Several Methods of treatment of this Fractures have been reported like DHS( Dynamic hip screw),Angled blade Plate,Proximal Femur Locking Plate and Intramedullary devices. Currently Intramedullary Devices like Proximal Femur Nail are used by many giving Satisfactory results in subtrochanteric femur fractures. In such situation as Suggested by Richardu et. al. [7] slight medial entry leads to valgus alignment which is desired along with the anatomical reduction while nailing subtrochanteric fractures. In the study conducted by perez et al. Suggested that slight more medial entry also protected abductors and caused no damage.

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of subtrochanteric femur fractures treated with long proximal femur nail with entry medial to the tip of greater trochanter from 2014 -2016 treated at VSGH

Materials and methodology: • Permission from ethical committee was taken • Patient data is collected from OOT register VSGH from 2014-2016 • All the patients of subtrochanteric femur fractures treated with long proximal femur nail through medial entry will be called for follow-up and data is collected as per the performa. Patients were followed up at 2 ,4 ,6 weeks and then monthly with clinical and radiographic assessment until fracture union.fracture union was considered when bridging callus was visible on 3 of 4 cortices on anteroposterior and lateral radiograph. Functional assessment will be done using Harris Hip Score.

Discussion: utilizing the tip of the trochanter as a starting point led to both varus and valgus malalignments [26] Using the Trochanteric Fixation Nail (TFN) with a lateral to the tip of the trochanter, starting point demonstrated 6.83° varus and a gap of 8.03 mm. A medial starting point resulted in 6.6° valgus with a mean gap of 3.88 mm and a tip starting point showed 0.3° varus and 3.56 mm of gapping26 Streubel PN [27] In his study concluded that the ideal entry point ranged from 16 mm medial to 8 mm lateral to the trochanteric tip (mean, 3 mm medial; standard deviation, 5 mm). In 70% of patients, the ideal entry point was medial to and in 23% lateral to the tip of the greater trochanter and the trochanteric tip represents the ideal starting point in only the minority of cases. Prasarn [28] in his study concluded that rigid femoral nails introduced through a lateral entry portal have been associated with a higher risk of iatrogenic fracture and malreduction. In the above conducted study, there was a valgus angulation at the proximal femur due to medial entry of the proximal femur nail

Conclusion: This study was conducted to analyze the results of Subtrochanteric fractures treated with this Proximal Femoral Nail through medial entry both radiological and functionally. In our series of 30 cases of Subtrochanteric fractures treated with Proximal Femoral Nail, 24 patients had Excellent to good outcome at their final follow-up. Poor outcome was seen in 02 patients. 2 of these patients had poor reduction intraoperatively. The mean Harris Hip score at their final follow-up was 80.76 which is comparable to international publications in the literature. On follow-up radiological examination at 6 months 10 patients had 2-4 degrees of valgus angulation,16 patients had 4-6 degrees of valgus angualtion and 4 patients had 6-8 degrees of valgus angulation with no varus collapse. From this sample study, we conclude that Proximal Femoral Nail through medial entry is a good method for the treatment of Subtrochanteric fractures of femur provided optimal reduction of the fracture and good positioning of the nail and screws are achieved.

Keywords: Proximal femur nail Subtrochanteric femur fractures Varus alignment Medial entry

References

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3. Herscovici D Jr., Pistel WL, Sanders RW. Evaluation and treatment of high subtrochanteric femur fractures. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2000;29:27-33.

4. Borens O, Wettstein M, Kombot C, Chevalley F, Mouhsine E, Garofalo R, et al. Long gamma nail in the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2004;124:4437.

5. Connelly CL, Archdeacon MT. The lateral decubitus approach for complex proximal femur fractures: Anatomic reduction and locking plate neutralization: A technical trick. J Orthop Trauma 2012;26:252-7.

6. Saarenpää I, Heikkinen T, Jalovaara P. Treatment of subtrochanteric fractures. A comparison of the gamma nail and the dynamic hip screw: Short-term outcome in 58 patients. Int Orthop 2007;31:6570.

7. Richard SY, Derek JD, Frank AL. Reducing subtrochanteric femur fractures: Tips and Tricks, Do’s and Don’ts. J Orthop Trauma 2015;29:S28-33.

8. Johnson KD, Tencer AF, Sherman MC. Biomechanical factors affecting fracture stability and femoral bursting in closed intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures, with illustrative case presentations. J Orthop Trauma 1987;1:1-1.

9. Kraemer WJ, Hearn TC, Powell JN, Mahomed N. Fixation of segmental sub- trochanteric fractures. A biomechanical study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1996;332:71-9.

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11. Brumback RJ, Toal TR Jr. Murphy-Zane MS, Novak VP, Belkoff SM. Immediate weight-bearing after treatment of a comminuted fracture of the femoral shaft with a statically locked intramedullary nail. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999;81:1538-44.

12. Benirschke SK, Melder I, Henley MB, Routt ML, Smith DG, Chapman JR, et al. Closed interlocking nailing of femoral shaft fractures: Assessment of technical complications and functional outcomes by comparison of a prospective database with retrospective review. J Orthop Trauma 1993;7:118-22.

13. Astion DJ, Wilber JH, Scoles PV. Avascular necrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis after intramedullary nailing for a fracture of the femoral shaft. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1995;77:1092-4.

14. Orler R, Hersche O, Helfet DL, et al. Die avaskula re Hu ftkopfnekrosealsschwerwiegende Komplikationnach Femurmarknagelungbei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Unfallchirurg 1998;101:495-99.

15. Harris WH. Traumatic arthritis of the hip after dislocation and acetabular fractures: Treatment by mold arthroplasty. An end-result study using a new method of result evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1969;51:737-55.

16. Dodenhoff RM, Dainton JN, Hutchins PM. Proximal thigh pain after femoral nailing. Causes and treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1997;79:738-41.

17. Bednar DA, Pervez A. Intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures: Re-operation and return to work. J Can Surg 1993;36:4646.

18. Ostrum RF, Marcantonio A, Marburger R. A critical analysis of the eccentric starting point for trochanteric intramedullary femoral nailing. J Orthop Trauma 2005;19:681-6.

19. Neher C, Ostrum RF. Treatment of subtrochanteric femur fractures using a submuscular fixed low-angle plate. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2003;32:29-33.

20. Wang J, Ma XL, Ma JX, Xing D, Yang Y, Zhu SW, et al. Biomechanical analysis of four types of internal fixation in subtrochanteric fracture models. Orthop Surg 2014;6:128-36.

21. Streubel PN, Wong AH, Ricci WM, Gardner MJ. Is there a standard trochanteric entry site for nailing of subtrochanteric femur fractures? J Orthop Trauma 2011;25:202-7.

22. Ansari Moein C, ten Duis HJ, Oey L, de Kort G, van der Meulen W, Vermeulen K, et al. Functional outcome after antegrade femoral nailing: A comparison of trochanteric fossa versus tip of greater trochanter entry point. J Orthop Trauma 2011;25:196-201.

23. Starr AJ, Hay MT, Reinert CM, Borer DS, Christensen KC. Cephalomedullary nails in the treatment of high-energy proximal femur fractures in young patients: A prospective, randomized comparison of trochanteric versus piriformis fossa entry portal. J Orthop Trauma 2006;20:240-6.

24. French BG, Tornetta P 3rd. Use of an interlocked cephalomedullary nail for subtrochanteric fracture stabilization. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998;348:95-100.

25. Wiss DA, Brien WW. Subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. Results of treatment by interlocking nailing. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1992;283:231-6.

26. Ostrum RF, Marcantonio A, Marburger R. A critical analysis of the eccentric starting point for trochanteric intramedullary femoral nailing. J Orthop Trauma 2005;19:681-6.

27. Streubel PN, Wong AH, Ricci WM, Gardner MJ. Is there a standard trochanteric entry site for nailing of subtrochanteric femur fractures? J Orthop Trauma 2011;25:202-7.

28. Prasarn ML, Cattaneo MD, Achor T, Ahn J, Klinger CE, Helfet DL, et al. The effect of entry point on malalignment and iatrogenic fracture with the synthes lateral entry femoral nail. J Orthop Trauma 2010;24:224-9.

How to Cite this article: Memon R R, Bhavsar N M, Musa R A, Patel P R. Outcomes of Proximal Femoral Nail in Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Through Medial Entry. Trauma International Sep – Dec 2018;4(2):20-25.

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Rashless and Bilateral Symmetrical Lower Limb Gangrene in a Patient with Meningococcal Meningitis

September 10, 2018/in Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Sep-Dec 2018

Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Sept-Dec 2018 | page: 14-16 | Ajiboye Lo, Oboirien M, Galadima AB

doi- 10.13107/ti.2018.v04i02.070

Author: Ajiboye Lo [1], Oboirien M [2], Galadima AB [1].

[1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgeon, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.

[2] Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University

Address of Correspondence

Dr. Ajiboye LO,

Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon,

UsmanuDanfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.

E-mail: ajiboyelo@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: An atypical presentation of meningococcal meningitis in a 10-year-old boy with rashless and bilateral symmetrical lower limb gangrene reported to stress the unusual pattern of the presentation. Unusual presentation of meningococcal meningitis is scarce in the literature, and we are not aware any unusual presentation in our setting.

Case Report: A 10-year-old boy presented with bilateral lower limb gangrene following a week history of high-grade fever, chills, rigors, neck pain and stiffness, convulsions, headache, altered sensorium, anorexia, and vomiting with no associated history of skin rash. Examination revealed an acutely ill-looking boy that was febrile, pale, anicteric, cyanosed, and not dehydrated. The pulse rate was 120/min, blood pressure 90/50 mmHg, a respiratory rate of 26 cycles/min, and symmetrical bilateral lower limb dry gangrene up to midlegs with multiple patchy areas of skin necrosis/dermatitis (with eschars) up to mid-thigh noted with Glasgow coma scale of 12 (E3V4M5) and positive signs of meningeal irritations. The complete blood counts, erthyrocyte sedimentation rate, random blood sugar, and creatinine were deranged while cerebrospinal fluid from lumbar puncture showed features of bacterial meningitis. The diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis with bilateral dry gangrene of both feet and leg was made and was managed with fluid and blood resuscitation, intravenous antibiotics, bilateral above knee amputation, and other supportive care. The treatment and recovery were satisfactory.

Conclusion: Meningococcal meningitis may present in an atypical manner which may pose a diagnostic dilemma and delayed appropriate treatment.

Keywords: Rashless, Symmetrical lower limb gangrene, Meningococcal meningitis.

References

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2. Sáez-Llorens X, McCracken GH Jr. Bacterial meningitis in children. Lancet 2003;361:2139-48.

3. Marc LaForce F, Ravenscroft N, Djingarey M, Viviani S. Epidemic meningitis due to group A Neisseria meningitidis in the african meningitis belt: A persistent problem with an imminent solution. Vaccine 2009;27 Suppl 2:B13-9.

4. Funk A, Uadiale K, Kamau C, Caugant DA, Ango U, Greig J, et al. Sequential outbreaks due to a new strain of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C in Northern Nigeria, 2013-14.PLoS Curr. 2014 December 29; 6: recurrents.outbreaks

5. Davis MD. Peripheral symmetrical gangrene. In: Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Toronto: Elsevier; 2004.

6. Hussain M, Sharma SR, Rupsi M. Peripheral symmetrical gangrene in meningitis. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2014;17:140-1.

7. Singh J, Himanshu D, Nim RK, Dinkar A, Gupta KK. Meningitis with digital gangrene in meningococcal infection: An atypical presentation. J Clin Diagn Res 2016;10:OD03-4.

How to Cite this article: Ajiboye Lo, Oboirien M, Galadima AB. Rashless and Bilateral Symmetrical Lower Limb Gangrene in a Patient with Meningococcal Meningitis. Trauma International Sep – Dec 2018;4(2):14-16.

Half Sized Blog Element (Single Author Style)

Half Sized Blog Element (Multi Author Style)

Outcomes of Proximal Femoral Nail in Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Through Medial Entry

Rashless and Bilateral Symmetrical Lower Limb Gangrene in a Patient with Meningococcal Meningitis

Outcomes of Proximal Femoral Nail in Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Through Medial Entry

Rashless and Bilateral Symmetrical Lower Limb Gangrene in a Patient with Meningococcal Meningitis

Full Sized Blog Element (Big Preview Pic)

Outcomes of Proximal Femoral Nail in Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures Through Medial Entry

Author: Rohan R Memon [1], Neel M Bhavsar [1], Rameez A Musa [1], Pankaj R Patel [1].

Abstract

References

(Abstract Text HTML) (Download PDF)

Rashless and Bilateral Symmetrical Lower Limb Gangrene in a Patient with Meningococcal Meningitis

Author: Ajiboye Lo [1], Oboirien M [2], Galadima AB [1].

Abstract

References

(Abstract Text HTML) (Download PDF)

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